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Introduction Urate crystals, also referred to as uric acid crystals, are metabolic by-products of purine metabolism found in urine. They are frequently observed during urine microscopy, especially in patients with altered pH, dehydration, or metabolic disorders. Their presence can be physiological in concentrated urine or …
Introduction Root Canal Treatment (RCT) is a dental procedure aimed at preserving a tooth that has been severely damaged or infected due to decay, trauma, or pulp disease. Instead of extracting the tooth, RCT involves cleaning, shaping, disinfecting, and sealing the root canal system to …
Introduction The Creatinine Test measures the levels of creatinine in blood or urine, reflecting kidney function and overall health. Moreover, creatinine is a waste product formed from muscle metabolism and excreted by the kidneys. In addition, this test helps evaluate kidney efficiency, determining how well …
Introduction Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in your blood, playing a vital role in building cells. Moreover, it helps produce hormones, vitamin D, and digestive substances like bile acids. In addition, your liver produces cholesterol, but it also comes from dietary sources like meat …
Introduction The susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) antimicrobial phenotype is a critical concept in microbiology. It indicates pathogens that require higher doses of antimicrobials for effective treatment. Clinicians must adjust doses to surpass the standard levels. This adjustment ensures the drug’s efficacy against partially resistant pathogens. Moreover, …
Introduction of Journal Articles Summarizing Tips Summarizing long journal articles efficiently requires a strategic approach to reading and understanding the material. It will minimizes the time and provides great output. Major Steps Used for Journal Articles Summarizing Tips Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you …
Introduction Gemella is a genus of bacteria that is part of the normal flora of the human body, particularly found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and upper respiratory tract. These bacteria are typically harmless but can be opportunistic pathogens, especially in individuals with compromised …
Introduction Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) is a term that encompasses a group of enzymes produced by certain bacteria. These enzymes impart resistance to a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are frequently used in clinical medicine. Here’s an introduction to ESBL: Origin and Mechanism: Clinical …