Uremia: Introduction, Diagnosis, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Uremic patient's urine under the routine microscopic examination showing numerous red blood cells (RBCs)

Introduction Uremia is a serious condition caused by kidney failure. The word uremia” literally means “urine in the blood. It results when the kidneys cannot remove waste from the blood. Moreover, toxins accumulate and harm vital organs. Patients experience fatigue, nausea, and confusion. Furthermore, they …

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H9 HbA1C Analyzer (HPLC)-Introduction, Principle, Handling Procedure, Application, and Keynotes

H9 HbA1C Analyzer (HPLC)-Introduction, Principle, Handling Procedure, Application, and Keynotes

Introduction of H9 HbA1C Analyzer The “H9 HbA1c Analyzer (HPLC)” appears to be a medical device used for the measurement of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in blood samples. Let me break down what this means: Here’s how the process typically works: Measuring HbA1c levels is …

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BCR-ABL1 Genetic Test-Introduction, Test Result, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

BCR-ABL1 Genetic Test-Introduction, Test Result, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The BCR-ABL1 genetic test is a diagnostic laboratory test that plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of certain types of leukemia, most notably chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This test helps identify the …

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Flow Cytometry-Introduction, Principle, Using Procedure, Uses, and Keynotes

Flow Cytometry-Introduction, Principle, Using Procedure, Uses, and Keynotes

Introduction Flow cytometry is a powerful laboratory technique used in the fields of biology, medicine, and immunology to analyze and quantify various physical and chemical characteristics of cells and particles. It allows for the rapid and simultaneous measurement of multiple properties of individual cells as …

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Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) test is a blood test commonly used in the field of medicine to measure the levels of alpha-fetoprotein in a person’s bloodstream. Alpha-fetoprotein is a specific protein that is produced by the developing fetus during pregnancy. It plays a vital role …

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Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction of Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) Test The Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) Test is a blood test used in the field of oncology and cancer management to measure the levels of a specific biomarker called CA 15-3 in a patient’s bloodstream. This test is …

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Otitis Media: Introduction, Types, Signs and Symptoms, Common Pathogens, Laboratory Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control, and Keynotes

Introduction Otitis media is a medical term used to describe inflammation and infection of the middle ear. The middle ear is the space behind the eardrum that contains the small bones responsible for transmitting sound vibrations to the inner ear. It is a common condition, …

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Food Poisoning:  Introduction, Types, Signs and Symptoms, Common Pathogens, Laboratory Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control, and Keynotes

Introduction Food poisoning, also known as foodborne illness, is a widespread and potentially serious public health concern that occurs when individuals consume contaminated or spoiled food. It is caused by the ingestion of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or their toxins, which can …

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