Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test: Introduction, Test Result, Test Method, and Keynotes

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Introduction of Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test

Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test is clear from the topic name that contains Dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM), Dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG), and Dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen tests. Blood is used for the assay and there is no need for special preparation for blood collection. The test report can be dispatched within an hour and thus this panel is also known as Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test. The assay works on the principle of Immunochromatography.

Dengue IgM Test is used for the detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) of present infection whereas Dengue IgG Test is used for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) of past infection that is not occurring now.NS1 Antigen Test: NS1 ( non-structural protein) antigenemia is detectable within 24 hours of infection
and up to 9 days following symptom onset. The dengue virus NS1 antigen is Viral Specific Assay that can be detected by requesting Dengue Virus NS1 Antigen. Blood is used as a separating serum for the testing.

Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test-est Result, and Test Method

Dengue Fever Rapid Panel- Test Result and Test Method
Fig. Dengue Fever Rapid Panel- Test Result and Test Method

Keynotes on Dengue Fever Rapid Panel Test

  • Real-time PCR: The dengue serotype can be confirmed by ribonucleic acid (RNA) amplification by Real-time PCR using either QunatStudio5 (applied biosystems by the Thermo Fisher Scientific) or BIO-RAD CFX96 Real-Time System (C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler) and other Kit preferred thermocyclers.
  • Vira Culture is a cumbersome and lengthy process. Real-time PCR is preferred as a gold standard due to the rapid detection and confirmation.
  • Three warning signs of severe dengue are severe plasma leakage, severe hemorrhage, and severe organ impairment.
  • Dengue is transmitted through mosquito bites.
  • Aedes albopictus is also responsible for to transfer of dengue to a lesser extent.
  • Dengue fever is also used to be called “breakbone fever due to the severe bone and muscle pain it sometimes can cause.
  • Risk factors of dengue are living or traveling in tropical areas and having dengue fever in the past.
  • Rapid NS1 antigen (positive), platelet count (reduction), and patient clinical features (high fever, muscle, bone, or joint pain are strong evidence of dengue.
  • The addition of clinical lab tests and doctors consultations may vary according to the severity of dengue fever.
  • The incubation period of dengue is 5-7 days.
  • The clinical course completes into 3 phases i.e. febrile (2-7 days), critical (1-2 days), and convalescent.
  • Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are also vectors of chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses.

Further Readings

  1. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
  2. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078
  3. https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-015-0444-8
  4. https://dndi.org/diseases/dengue/facts/?gclid

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