Fungal infections represent a growing global health challenge, causing over 1.7 million deaths annually, with nearly 75% of cases remaining…
Introduction Molecular typing of fungi uses DNA-based methods to identify species and differentiate strains for clinical, epidemiological, and environmental studies. Fig.…
Introduction Sanger sequencing, developed by Frederick Sanger in 1977, is a chain-termination DNA sequencing method that remains the gold standard for molecular-level fungal…
Introduction Unlike molds, yeasts are the most commonly recovered fungi in blood cultures. Candidemia is among the leading causes of…
Introduction Fig. Blood Culture–Positive Mold -Note: The culture bottle shows cottony to fluffy white mycelial growth at the surface. Growth…
Introduction Yeasts, especially Candida and Cryptococcus species, are frequent causes of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Determining their antifungal susceptibility…
Introduction of Yeast Identification by Chromogenic Media (HiMedia) Opportunistic yeasts, especially Candida species, are frequent causes of infections ranging from…
Introduction Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast responsible for outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. It is difficult to identify…