MDR ESKAPE-Introduction, Group of Pathogens, Clinical Importance, and Keynotes

Mucoid -lactose fermenting (MLF) colony of Klebsiella pneumonie on MacConkey agar of blood culture

Introduction MDR ESKAPE refers to a group of bacteria that resist multiple antibiotics. Firstly, these pathogens escape the effects of standard treatments. Moreover, they spread easily in healthcare settings. Additionally, they cause serious hospital-acquired infections. Consequently, clinicians face challenges treating these infections. Furthermore, MDR ESKAPE …

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Serratia odorifera-Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Serratia odorifera-Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Introduction Serratia odorifera is a Gram-negative bacterium from the Enterobacteriaceae family. Moreover, it inhabits environmental and clinical settings. Additionally, it shows potential as an opportunistic pathogen. Furthermore, it often causes nosocomial infections in vulnerable patients. Morphology The bacterium appears as a short, rod-shaped cell. It …

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Foley Catheter Culture and Sensitivity- Introduction, Report, Clinical Significance, Common Pathogens, and Keynotes

Foley Catheter Culture and Sensitivity- Introduction, Report, Clinical Significance, Common Pathogens, and Keynotes

Introduction The Foley catheter culture and sensitivity test identifies bacteria from catheterized urine samples. Additionally, it detects infections linked to catheter use. Furthermore, clinicians order the test for precise diagnosis. Moreover, the test distinguishes contamination from true infection. Consequently, it improves patient management. Report The …

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis MCQs Quiz-A Simple Set of Questionnaire for Examination

Introduction Below is a set of 15 multiple‐choice questions (MCQs) on Mycobacterium tuberculosis that cover key aspects—from microbiology and diagnosis to treatment and prevention. Each question is followed by four options, with the correct answer indicated afterward. You can use these questions for self‐assessment, classroom …

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Top 10 Viral Pathogens- List with Short Descriptions, and Footage

Western Blot- Positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

List of Top 10 Viral Pathogens Short Description of Top 10 Viral Pathogens 1. Influenza Virus (Flu Virus) 2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 3. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) 4. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) 5. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 Virus) 6. Dengue Virus 7. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 8. …

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TPHA and VDRL Tests-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

TPHA and VDRL Tests Positive-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Normal Range, Test Method, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction of TPHA and VDRL Tests Doctors use the TPHA (Treponema pallidum Hemagglutination Assay) test to detect antibodies against Treponema pallidum. Since syphilis remains a significant global health concern, early diagnosis is crucial. This test identifies treponemal antibodies in serum or plasma. Because it detects …

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Staphylococcus sciuri- Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Staphylococcus sciuri Gram positive cocci in singles, pairs, chains and clusters in Gram stain of culture microscopic examination

Introduction Staphylococcus sciuri belongs to the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) group. Since it thrives in diverse environments, scientists often isolate it from animals, soil, and water. Moreover, it colonizes the skin and mucosal surfaces of humans and animals. Although it usually remains harmless, it can cause …

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Peptostreptococcus: Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Introduction Peptostreptococcus is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci commonly found in the human body as part of the normal flora. Moreover, it resides in various locations, including the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and female genital tract. In addition, it plays a role in maintaining …

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