Introduction Escherichia is a genus of the Enterobacteriaceae family commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. It plays…
Introduction Pantoea agglomerans, a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacterium, belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Moreover, it is commonly found in soil,…
Introduction Proteus penneri is a Gram-negative bacterium found in various environments, including water and soil. It belongs to the family…
Introduction Streptococcus gallolyticus is a Gram-positive bacterium. It belongs to the Streptococcus bovis group. This bacterium often inhabits the gastrointestinal…
Introduction The susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) antimicrobial phenotype is a critical concept in microbiology. It indicates pathogens that require higher doses…
Introduction Nocardia is a genus of aerobic, gram-positive bacteria. It belongs to the actinomycetes group. These bacteria are partially acid-fast…
Introduction Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) affects areas outside the lungs. It impacts the lymph nodes, pleura, and bones. Patients often experience…
Introduction Gram staining is a routine diagnostic tool for respiratory infections. It reveals bacteria in sputum samples. Occasionally, Gram staining…