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Introduction Lactococcus garvieae is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming coccus, typically arranged in pairs or short chains. It belongs to the lactic acid bacteria group and is well known as a major pathogen in fish (lactococcosis). In humans, it is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, increasingly recognized …
Introduction Broad-range PCR assays for fungi are molecular diagnostic methods designed to detect a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens directly from clinical samples such as blood, BAL, sputum, CSF, tissue biopsies, and sterile body fluids.These assays target highly conserved fungal genomic regions, primarily the Internal …
Introduction KOH Mount of Bile is a direct microscopic examination technique used to detect fungal elements in bile fluid collected during ERCP, biliary drainage, cholecystectomy, or liver procedures.Because bile contains mucus, epithelial debris, fats, and pigments, a 10–20% Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) solution is used to …
Introduction KOH mount of sputum is a rapid, direct microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements in the respiratory tract. A 10–20% Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) solution digests mucus, epithelial cells, and debris in sputum, while preserving the chitin-rich fungal cell walls, making them appear clear, …
Introduction Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) mount is a simple, rapid, and cost-effective microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements in various clinical specimens, including urine samples. When fungal infection of the urinary tract (funguria) is suspected—especially in immunocompromised, diabetic, or catheterized patients—KOH mount helps visualize yeast …
Found in Giemsa staining of BAL. Possible pathogen? Morphological Features (Center) Possible Pathogen Supporting Features for Pneumocystis Recommendations Is it possible to be LD bodies? Based on the Giemsa-stained BAL image: The central violet-stained cluster of intracellular forms could resemble Leishman-Donovan (LD) bodies, especially in …
Introduction Pneumocystis PCR is a molecular diagnostic tool used for the detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii DNA in respiratory specimens, especially in immunocompromised patients suspected of having Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).It offers higher sensitivity than traditional staining techniques (e.g., GMS, toluidine blue) and is particularly helpful in …
Introduction of Penicillium vs Paecilomyces Penicillium is a ubiquitous, saprophytic mold found in soil, air, and decaying organic matter. Known for producing the first antibiotic, penicillin, it is typically non-pathogenic but occasionally causes opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. Paecilomyces (especially P. lilacinus and P. variotii) …