Introduction RBC cast, or red blood cell cast, is a type of urinary cast containing red blood cells embedded within a…
Introduction Common invasive fungal pathogens that frequently affect cancer patients, especially those who are immunocompromised due to chemotherapy, hematologic malignancies,…
Introduction of Antifungal Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Antifungal drugs require precise dosing to ensure safe patient outcomes. Moreover, clinicians track serum…
Introduction Mycosel Agar is a selective culture medium to isolate pathogenic fungi from samples containing a mix of fungi and…
Introduction Fig. Acinetobacter baumannii in Gram staining of sputum Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, non-fermenting, aerobic coccobacillus. It is an…
Introduction Small Colony Variants (SCVs) are a subpopulation of bacteria that grow slowly and form unusually small colonies on culture…
Introduction Acinetobacter baumannii complex is a group of Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacilli known for causing healthcare-associated infections. It includes closely related…
Introduction Proteus hauseri is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacillus in the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is closely related to other Proteus…