Streptococcus agalactiae: Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Beta-haemolytic colony of Streptococcus agalactiae on 5% sheep blood agar of clinical specimen, High Vaginal Swab (HVS)

Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to the Streptococcaceae family. It is a significant human pathogen known for causing various infections in both adults and newborns. The bacterium is typically found as a part of the …

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Streptococcus pyogenes: Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Streptococcus pyogenes colony morphology on blood agar

Introduction Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is a gram-positive, spherical bacterium that belongs to the Streptococcaceae family. It is one of the most common and important human pathogens, responsible for a wide range of infections in humans. This bacterium is typically …

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Streptococcus agalactiae: Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a Gram-positive bacterium that belongs to the Streptococcaceae family. It is a significant human pathogen and is commonly found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of healthy adults. While it may not cause any …

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Bile Solubility Test: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Bile Solubility Test- Positive and Negative

Introduction of Bile Solubility Test Bile solubility test uses for presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Principle of Bile Solubility Test Bile salts, specifically sodium deoxycholate and sodium taurocholate, have the capacity to selectively lyse Streptococcus pneumoniae when added to actively growing bacteria in agar or broth media. S. pneumoniae produces autolytic …

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Optochin Susceptibility Test: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Optochin Susceptibility Test-Positive

Optochin Susceptibility Test Optochin Susceptibility Test uses for presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae from viridans streptococci.  Principle of Optochin Susceptibility Test Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride (Optochin), a quinine derivative, selectively inhibits the growth of S. pneumoniae at a very low concentration (5ug/ml). Optochin may also inhibit other viridians streptococci, but only …

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CAMP Test: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result-Interpretation,and Keynotes

CAMP Test-Positive

Introduction of CAMP Test  The CAMP test uses to identify preemptively Streptococcus agalactiae. It was first described in 1944 by Christie, Atkins, and Munch-Petersen, and the CAMP test is an acronym for their names. Principle of CAMP Test The beta lysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus is sphingomyelinase in nature, …

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Culture Media: Introduction, Common Ingredients, Types, Preparation, and Use of Common Culture Medium, Keynotes, and Related Images

Culture media with variety of microbes-Micrococcus growth on nutrient agar (upper left), Lactose fermenting(Lf) and non-lactose fermenting (NLF) colonies of Gram negative bacteria colonies on MacConkey medium, Hameophilus influenzae colony morphology on chocolate agar(lower left), beta-hemolytic colonies of Staphylococcus aureus( middle), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiogram pattern on Muller-Hinton agar(MHA)

Introduction of Culture Media Culture media are required to grow the organisms and they are generally from clinical specimens to identify the causative agent. Common Ingredients of Culture Media Common Ingredients of Culture Media and their basic constituents are as follows- Water: It is the …

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Some Typical Arrangements of Bacteria: List, Keynotes, and, Few Related Images

Some Typical Shape, Size and Arrangements of Bacteria

List of Some Typical Arrangements of Bacteria In this chapter, we discuss some typical arrangements of bacteria like Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, pneumococcus, Enterococcus, Micrococcus, Neisseria species, Bacillus anthracis, Diphtheroids, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Treponema, Leptospira, Borrelia, etc. S.No. Arrangements  Organisms 1. Gram-positive cocci …

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