Introduction to Bacterial Diseases Bacterial diseases are illnesses caused by pathogenic bacteria entering the body, multiplying, and releasing toxins that…
Introduction and Group of Tests The TORCH panel is a group of blood tests used to screen for certain infections…
Introduction of Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) Test RPR is a screening non-specific test for syphilis caused by a bacterium, Treponema…
Introduction of TPHA Test TPHA test stands for Treponema pallidum hemagglutination. This is a confirmatory test for syphilis that is caused by…
Introduction of VDRL Test Fig. VDRL Test Procedure and Result-Interpretation steps VDRL stands for Veneral disease research laboratory. The laboratory was…