Normal Ranges of Tests

PT/INR: Introduction, Application, and Keynotes

Introduction PT (Prothrombin Time) and INR (International Normalised Ratio) are laboratory tests used to assess the extrinsic and common pathways…

6 months ago

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Blood Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The 'Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Blood Test' measures dissolved carbon dioxide in the blood. Additionally, it evaluates the body’s acid-base…

1 year ago

Creatinine Test- Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The Creatinine Test measures the levels of creatinine in blood or urine, reflecting kidney function and overall health. Moreover,…

1 year ago

Cholesterol Test- Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in your blood, playing a vital role in building cells. Moreover, it helps…

1 year ago

Insulin Blood Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The insulin blood test measures the level of insulin in the bloodstream. It is crucial for diagnosing insulin resistance…

1 year ago

CPK-NAC Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The CPK-NAC test, a vital diagnostic tool, measures creatine phosphokinase activity for muscle or heart damage assessment. Moreover, it…

1 year ago

Quardruple Test: Introduction, Normal range, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The Quadruple Test, also known as the Quad Test or Quadruple Screen, is a prenatal screening test conducted during…

2 years ago

Serum Osmolality/Osmolarity-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Serum osmolality, often referred to as osmolarity in clinical practice, is a measure of the solute concentration in the…

2 years ago

C-peptide Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction C-peptide, or "connecting peptide," is a protein fragment that's a byproduct of insulin production in the pancreas. When proinsulin,…

3 years ago

Cystatin C Test-Introduction, Test Result, Unit, Reference Range, Test Methods, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction The Cystatin C test is a valuable tool in nephrology and has been growing in importance as an alternative…

3 years ago