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HLA-B27 Test: Introduction, Result-Interpretation, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction of HLA-B27 Test

HLA-B27 stands for Human leukocyte antigen B27. It is a protein found on the surface of our white blood cells (WBCs) and it is a blood test that identifies HLA-B27 proteins. Although most human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) protect your body from harm, HLA-B27 is a specific type of protein that contributes
to immune system dysfunction. An HLA-B27 presence can result in an autoimmune disease or immune-mediated disease, like juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis.

Fig. Collecting blood for the HLA-B27 Test

Result-Interpretation of Human leukocyte antigen B27

The result and interpretation of HLA-B27 are as follows-

TestResultInterpretation
HLA-B27NegativeAbsence of HLA-B27 in blood
HLA-B27PositivePresence of HLA-B27 in blood
Impression: Clinical correlation with the test is mandatory for the treatment.
Table: Result -Interpretation of HLA-B27

Clinical Significance of HLA-B27

HLA-B27 test positive is associated with certain autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases like-

  • Ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation of the bones in the spine)
  • Reactive arthritis (inflammation of joints, urethra, and eyes)
  • Anterior uveitis (swelling and irritation in the middle layer of the eye)

Keynotes on HLA-B27

  • The test-negative can not ignore an autoimmune disorder since sometimes people with autoimmune disorders don’t have HLA-B27 on their white blood cells. Similarly, the test positive doesn’t always mean that an autoimmune disorder will develop, and thus making a final diagnosis, the clinician/ doctor will consider all test results along with clinical correlation or symptoms.
Interpretation of HLA-B27 Result
  • HLA-B27 test is ordered by the clinician in the following situations-
  1. Joint pain
  2. stiffness or inflammation of the spine, neck, or chest
  3. Swelling of joints or urethra accompanied by skin lesions
  4. Repeatedly inflammation in the eye
  • HLA typing (also HLA-B27) is a common assay in organ(a kidney or bone marrow) transplantation to ensure a suitable match between a donor and a recipient.
  • Preventive Health Packages are available to know your current health status.
Medical Lab Notes

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