Influenza A and Influenza B Rapid Test: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, Clinical Significance and Keynotes

Introduction

This test rapidly detects influenza A and B antigens. It employs a chromatographic assay format. Moreover, it is simple to perform.

Principle

The test uses immunochromatography. It employs specific antibodies to bind viral antigens. Furthermore, it uses color changes for detection. Thus, it yields results within minutes.

Test Requirements

• Goves
• Test kit ( it contains test device, dropper, moisture absorber, nasal swab diluent or buffer)
• Sample (Nasal swab in diluent)
• Timer

Procedure

The sample is collected from a nasal swab. Then, it is mixed with a buffer solution. Subsequently, the mixture is applied to the test cassette. Additionally, the strip develops visible lines. Take reading after 15 minutes. Finally, the test is interpreted.

Result Interpretation

A visible line indicates the presence of viral antigens. Conversely, no line suggests a negative result. Moreover, control lines confirm test validity. Therefore, the results are clear and rapid.

No band in test lines (A and B) and band at control line only: Test Negative

Bands at Test line A and Control only: Influenza A virus-Positive

Band at Test line B and Control only: Influenza B virus-Positive

Bands all lines: Influenza A and B viruses-Positive

No band at any line: Test Inavild (This assay can be repeated taking a new device.)

Clinical Significance

This test aids in early diagnosis of influenza. It helps clinicians start timely treatment. Furthermore, it reduces transmission risk. Thus, patient outcomes improve.

Note: The above test is negative since there is only a band at the control line.

Keynotes

• The test is rapid and easy to use.
• It offers reliable results in a short time.
• Additionally, it requires minimal laboratory resources.
• It is also called flu A and B rapid test.
• The influenza viruses that cause human disease are divided into two groups and it is A and B.
• The symptoms of influenza are high fever, myalgia, headache and severe malaise, nonproductive cough, sore throat, and rhinitis.
• Moreover, it supports effective patient management.

Further Readings

• https://www.certest.es/products/influenza-ab/
• https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?contenttypeid=167&contentid=rapid_influenza_antigen
• https://www.bioperfectus.com/ProductDetail/InfluenzaABRapidTestKit
• https://www.aconlabs.com/flowflextm-influenza-a-b/
• https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22716-flu-influenza-test
• https://ctkbiotech.com/onsite-influenza-a-b-ag-rapid-test/
• https://www.cdc.gov/flu/php/laboratories/rapidlab.html
• https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/flu-influenza-test/
• https://www.surescreen.com/product/influenza-a-b-antigen-combined-rapid-test-cassette/