Staphylococcus and Micrococcus: Introduction, Differentiating Features, Keynotes, and Related Footages
Staphylococcus Vs Micrococcus: Introduction, Differentiating Features, Keynotes, and Related Footages
Introduction of Staphylococcus and Micrococcus
Table of Contents
Staphylococcus (pleural-staphylococci) is spherical, non-motile, gram-positive in singles, pairs, and clusters. On nutrient agar, growth is opaque and golden yellow or white color. Catalase and coagulase test positive (Staphylococcus aureus), oxidase negative, aerobic or facultative anaerobe. Parasite of humans and animals. Normal flora of the skin, upper respiratory tract, and feces of humans, animals, and birds too. S. aureus is the etilogical agent of –
Fig. Staphylococcus Vs Micrococcus: S. aureus colony morphology, coagulase test positive (slide and tube), and Gram-stained image-Left side while Micrococcus luteus colony characteristics on blood agar, oxidase-positive, and Gram staining picture-Right side
Abscess
Conjunctivitis
Corneal ulcer
Septicemia
Endocarditis
Pneumonia
Mastitis: It is an inflammation of the breast.
Empyema: It is an accumulation of pus in the body cavity.
Food poisoning
Staphylococcal Scalded Syndrome
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)-enterotoxin F
Septic arthritis
Meningitis
Osteomyelitis
Species of Staphylococcus are-
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus schleriferi
Staphylococcus felis
Staphylococcus intermedius
Staphylococcus lutrae
Staphylococcus hyicus
Staphylococcus lodgunensis
Staphylococcus lodgunensis
Staphylococcus schleriferi
Staphylococcus hyicus
Micrococcus (pleural-micrococci) is free-living in the environment and also normal flora of the skin. It is Gram-positive cocci in tetrads, catalase-positive, coagulase-negative, arranged in clusters that differ from Staphylococcus in attacking sugars oxidatively which may appear in irregular clusters, groups of four or eight. It is often larger than Staphylococcus. Species of Micrococcus are-
Micrococcus luteus
Micrococcus terreus
Micrococcus lylae
Micrococcus mortus
Micrococcus mucilaginosis
Micrococcus roseus
Differences between Staphylococcus and Micrococcus
The differences between Staphylococcus and Micrococcus are as follows-
Feature
Staphylococcus
Micrococcus
Anaerobic growth
Positive
Negative
Arrangement of cells (predominant)
Clusters
Clusters, tetrads
Clusters, tetrads
30-39
64-75
Carbohydrate utilization
Fermentative
Oxidative or nil
Oxidase (modified oxidase test)
Negative
Positive
0.04U bacitracin
Resistant
Sensitive
Lysostaphin
Sensitive
Resistant
Teichoic acid in cell wall
Present
Absent
Table: Differences between Staphylococcus and Micrococcus
Keynotes
Staphylococcus is the Gram-positive cocci in clusters while Micrococcus is the Gram-positive cocci in tetrads.
Staphylococcus aureus is the coagulase-positive (slide and tube both) whereas Micrococcus is modified oxidase-positive.
Staphylococcus aureus generally expresses golden yellow color while Micrococcus luteus forms bright yellow colonies and Micrococcus roseus pink colonies on nutrient agar.
Staphylococcus and Micrococcus Footages
Gram-positive cocci in singles, pairs and cluster of Staphylococcus aureus in clinical sample, pus
Fig. Gram-positive cocci in singles, pairs, and clusters of Staphylococcus aureus in a clinical sample, pus
Staphylococcus aureus growth in Thioglycollate broth
Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Bettey A. Forbes, Daniel F. Sahm & Alice S. Weissfeld, 12th ed 2007, Publisher Elsevier.
Colour Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Koneman E.W., Allen D.D., Dowell V.R. Jr, and Sommers H.M.
Cowan & Steel’s Manual for identification of Medical Bacteria. Editors: G.I. Barron & R.K. Felthani, 3rd ed 1993, Publisher Cambridge University Press.
Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology. Editors: Geo. F. Brook, Janet S. Butel & Stephen A. Morse, 21st ed 1998, Publisher Appleton & Lance, Co Stamford Connecticut.
Mackie and Mc Cartney Practical Medical Microbiology. Editors: J.G. Colle, A.G. Fraser, B.P. Marmion, A. Simmous, 4th ed, Publisher Churchill Living Stone, New York, Melborne, Sans Franscisco 1996.
Clinical Microbiology Procedure Handbook Vol. I & II, Chief in editor H.D. Isenberg, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Publisher ASM (American Society for Microbiology), Washington DC.
Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Editors: P.R. Murray, E. J. Baron, M. A. Pfaller, F. C. Tenover and R. H. Yolken, 7th ed 2005, Publisher ASM, USA
District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries – Part-2- Monica Cheesebrough- 2nd Edn Update
Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Connie R. Mahon, Donald G. Lehman & George Manuselis, 3rd edition2007, Publisher Elsevier.
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Medical Microbiology-The Practice of Medical Microbiology Vol-2-12th Edn. –Robert Cruickshank
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