Introduction Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus responsible for histoplasmosis, a systemic mycosis prevalent in endemic regions such as the…
Introduction Respiratory tract infections are caused by a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Conventional diagnostic methods…
Introduction Accurate and timely identification of molds is essential for clinical microbiology, especially in cases of invasive fungal infections caused…
Introduction Invasive mold infections such as those caused by Aspergillus, Fusarium, Scedosporium, and Mucorales present significant clinical challenges, especially in…
Introduction Fungal infections caused by yeasts, particularly Candida and Cryptococcus species, represent a significant clinical challenge in immunocompromised and critically…
Introduction Fig. Candida colony morphology on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) Fungal infections represent a growing concern in both immunocompromised and…
Introduction Sulfonamide crystals are drug-induced urinary crystals that appear in patients receiving sulfonamide (sulfa) therapy, particularly when urine is acidic,…
Introduction Urate crystals, also referred to as uric acid crystals, are metabolic by-products of purine metabolism found in urine. They…