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Multiplex PCR Assay-Directly on Blood for Fungi: Introduction, Principle, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Fungal bloodstream infections (fungemia) are life-threatening, especially in immunocompromised and oncology patients. Conventional methods like blood culture are slow,…

7 months ago

β-D-Glucan: Introduction, Principle, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction β-D-Glucan (BDG) is a polysaccharide component of the fungal cell wall, widely present in species such as Candida, Aspergillus,…

7 months ago

Blastomyces-Antigen Testing: Introduction, Principle, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus responsible for blastomycosis, a potentially life-threatening systemic mycosis. It is often found in…

7 months ago

Throat Swab Gram stain: Introduction, Report-Interpretation, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Fig. Throat swab Gram stain photomicrograph at a magnification of 1000X A throat swab Gram stain is a rapid,…

7 months ago

Blood Culture–Positive Yeasts: Introduction, Common molds, Comparison, and Keynotes

Introduction Unlike molds, yeasts are the most commonly recovered fungi in blood cultures. Candidemia is among the leading causes of…

7 months ago

Blood Culture–Positive Molds: Introduction, Common molds, Comparison, and Keynotes

Introduction Fig. Blood Culture–Positive Mold -Note: The culture bottle shows cottony to fluffy white mycelial growth at the surface. Growth…

7 months ago

Yeasts-Colorimetric Antifungal Susceptibility Testing: Introduction, Principle, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction Yeasts, especially Candida and Cryptococcus species, are frequent causes of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Determining their antifungal susceptibility…

7 months ago

Yeast Identification by Chromogenic Media: Introduction, Principle, Clinical Significance, and Keynotes

Introduction of Yeast Identification by Chromogenic Media (HiMedia) Opportunistic yeasts, especially Candida species, are frequent causes of infections ranging from…

8 months ago