Introduction Sterile pyuria refers to the presence of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the urine without the presence of bacteria…
Introduction Burkholderia cepacia is a species of gram-negative bacteria within the Burkholderia genus. It is a versatile and opportunistic pathogen…
Introduction Enterococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that are part of the normal microbial flora of humans and animals.…
Introduction CA19-9, also known as carbohydrate antigen 19-9, is a tumor marker commonly used in clinical practice. It is a…
Introduction Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) is a laboratory technique used to assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics,…
Introduction and Composition Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) is a versatile and widely used liquid medium in microbiology. It is a…
Introduction Shigella sonnei is a bacterium that is responsible for causing shigellosis, a type of bacterial infection affecting the digestive…
Introduction Streptococcus oralis is a gram-positive bacterium that belongs to the genus Streptococcus. It is a commensal bacterium that commonly…