Introduction Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) and Healthcare Waste Management (HCWM) are critical systems used to minimize the spread of…
Introduction A Biosafety Officer (BSO) is a technical expert responsible for the strategic and integrated management of biological risks within…
Introduction As of May 7, 2026, international health authorities are responding to a rare and deadly hantavirus outbreak aboard the…
Introduction QuantiFERON-TB Gold-Plus uses advanced technology to identify latent tuberculosis infection. Moreover, clinicians rely on it for precise detection of…
Introduction Streptococcus gallolyticus is a Gram-positive bacterium. It belongs to the Streptococcus bovis group. This bacterium often inhabits the gastrointestinal…
Introduction "Rifampicin resistant indeterminate" refers to an unclear or inconclusive result in testing for resistance to the antibiotic rifampicin, often…
Introduction Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) affects areas outside the lungs. It impacts the lymph nodes, pleura, and bones. Patients often experience…
Introduction Enterococcus gallinarum is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium. It naturally inhabits the intestines of humans and animals. This bacterium…