Introduction Counterimmunoelectrophoresis is a rapid diagnostic technique in modern immunology laboratories and enhances timely results. Primarily, it separates antigens and…
Introduction Fungal serology detects antibodies and antigens from fungal pathogens in blood samples. Moreover, it identifies immune responses to various…
Introduction "Rifampicin resistant indeterminate" refers to an unclear or inconclusive result in testing for resistance to the antibiotic rifampicin, often…
Introduction The D-Dimer test measures a substance released when a blood clot breaks up. It helps diagnose clotting disorders. Doctors…
Introduction of India Ink preparation Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that causes cryptococcal meningitis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The…
Introduction The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test is a molecular diagnostic technique used…
Introduction Varicella-zoster antibody, IgG assay, is a medical test used to measure the levels of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) specific immunoglobulin…
Introduction Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, remains one of the most prevalent and deadly infectious diseases worldwide. Each year, millions…