Introduction The Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA) test is a diagnostic blood test used to detect antibodies against the bacterium, Treponema…
Introduction of TPHA Test TPHA test stands for Treponema pallidum hemagglutination. This is a confirmatory test for syphilis that is caused by…
Introduction of VDRL Test Fig. VDRL Test Procedure and Result-Interpretation steps VDRL stands for Veneral disease research laboratory. The laboratory was…
List of Some Typical Arrangements of Bacteria In this chapter, we discuss some typical arrangements of bacteria like Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,…