Introduction Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) mount is a simple, rapid, and cost-effective microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements in various…
Introduction Leucine crystals are rare urinary findings that typically appear in patients with severe liver disease, such as advanced cirrhosis,…
Introduction Sulfonamide crystals are drug-induced urinary crystals that appear in patients receiving sulfonamide (sulfa) therapy, particularly when urine is acidic,…
Introduction Urate crystals, also referred to as uric acid crystals, are metabolic by-products of purine metabolism found in urine. They…
Introduction Urine microscopy is a laboratory diagnostic method used to examine the microscopic components of urine sediment. It helps detect…
Introduction Funguria refers to the presence of fungi in the urine, either due to colonization, contamination, or true urinary tract…
Introduction RBC cast, or red blood cell cast, is a type of urinary cast containing red blood cells embedded within a…
Introduction of Pus cells in Urine lacking growth on Culture Media The presence of pus cells (also known as leukocytes…