Basic Microbiology

Infection Prevention & Control and Waste Management: Introduction, Procedure, Waste segregation, Disposal, Application, and Keynotes

Introduction Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) and Healthcare Waste Management (HCWM) are critical systems used to minimize the spread of…

1 week ago

Orientia and Rickettsia: Introduction, Comparison, Key Differences, Treatment and Diagnosis

Introduction Orientia and Rickettsia are two closely related genera of bacteria within the family Rickettsiaceae. Both are small, gram-negative, obligate…

1 week ago

VITEK 2 Yeast AST System: Introduction, Name of Card, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Introducton The VITEK 2 Yeast AST system is a fully automated solution for the quantitative determination of antifungal susceptibility in…

2 weeks ago

VITEK 2 Yeast Identification: Introduction, Name of Card, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, Organisms Identified, and Keynotes

Introduction The VITEK 2 Yeast Identification (YST) system is an automated platform designed for the rapid identification of clinically significant…

2 weeks ago

VITEK 2 System: Introduction, Organisms List and Identification Cards, Principle, Identification Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Introduction The VITEK 2 System is an automated microbiology platform designed for the rapid identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing…

2 weeks ago

First-Line Drug Susceptibility Testing (SL-DST) for Tuberculosis: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

 Introduction First-Line Drug Susceptibility Testing (FL-DST or sometimes referred to in context as SL-DST when covering all first-line agents: Rifampicin,…

2 weeks ago

Hantavirus: Introduction, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Keynotes

Introduction Hantaviruses are a group of rodent-borne viruses that cause two main life-threatening diseases in humans: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)…

2 weeks ago

Second-Line Drug Susceptibility Testing (SL-DST) for Tuberculosis:Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Introduction Second-line drug susceptibility testing (SL-DST) for tuberculosis is a crucial laboratory procedure designed to detect resistance to anti-TB drugs…

2 weeks ago

Xpert MTB/RIF: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, Uses, and Keynotes

Introduction The Xpert MTB/RIF assay is an automated, cartridge-based molecular test used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance, the…

2 weeks ago

Bacterial Load (Decoding the CFU): Introduction, Ranges, Application, and Keynotes

Introduction of Bacterial Load (Decoding the CFU) Bacterial load, measured in Colony-Forming Units (CFU), is a fundamental concept in microbiology…

2 weeks ago