Biomedical Waste: Segregation and Management
Table of Contents
Biomedical Waste is defined as waste that is generated during the diagnosis treatment or immunization of human beings and is contaminated with patients’ body fluids. (WHO)
It includes :
Sources of biomedical waste areas are government hospitals, private hospitals, nursing homes, physicians or dental clinics, dispensaries, medical research and training establishments, blood banks, collection centers, laboratories, animal houses, and slaughterhouses.
A variety of biomedical wastes are available but for simplicity, it is divided only into three categories-
e.g.plastic bottles, metal cans, wrapping, packing paper
Collect in a blue container with a lid
Dispose of municipal waste
e..g. used needles, blades, scissors
Collect in a yellow leakproof, puncture-resistant container with a lid
It can further be treated by two methods-
Autoclaving- 121°C at 15 lbs for 30 minutes
Disinfection: Disinfect in hypochlorite solution
soak in 4-5% hypochlorite solution for 1-2 hours
Destroy using a needle destroyer
Bury or handover to the municipality
Non-Infectious Biomedical Waste
Collect waste in a red leakproof container
This type of waste is further classified into two categories-
Infectious Liquid: It is further of two types-
Place the units or specimens in an autoclavable plastic bag.
Place the bag in an autoclave bucket.
Autoclave 121°C at 15 lbs for 30 minutes
Bury
Pour in 2% sodium hypochlorite solution to stand for a minimum of 2 hours.
Flush in sink/drain
It is further subdivided into-
Reusable e.g. test tubes, glassware, tiles
Soak in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for a minimum of 2 hours.
Wash with liquid soap with ample water
Dry in a hot air oven and reuse
Contaminated swabs, papers, and plastics come in this group.
Autoclave 121°C at 15 lbs for 30 minutes
Either bury it or handover to the municipality
The following are the goals of its management-
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