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Hematology Test: Introduction, List of Tests, Unit and Normal Range

Introduction of Hematology Test

Hematology is the field of medicine concerned with the study of the root, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases connected to blood. A hematology test can evaluate a variety of blood conditions including infection, inflammation, anemia, hemophilia, other coagulation disorders, leukemia (blood cancer), and the body’s response to chemotherapy.

Fig. Hematology Test: EDTA tube with blood (left), CBC test report (middle), tongue shape blood smear for manual blood cells counting and microscopy (upper left), blood smear in Wright staining (middle left), and blood cells (RBCs, WBC and platelets) on microscopic field (lower left)

List of Hematology Tests

  • CBC (complete blood count)
  • Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)-Westergren’s method
  • Reticulocytes
  • Bleeding Time (BT)-Ivy’s Method
  • Clotting Time (CT)-Lee and White Method
  • Prothrombin Time (PT)
  • International Normalized Ratio (INR)
  • Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
  • Malaria Parasite (MP)
  • Microfilaria
  • Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) Comment

Unit and Normal Range of Haematology Tests

TestValueUnitReference range
1. CBC
TLC (Total Leukocyte Count)x103 /μl4-11
RBC (Red Blood Cell Count)x106/μlMale: 4.5-6.0,Female: 4.0-4,5
Hb (Hemoglobin)gm%Male: 13-16, Female: 11.5-14.5
PCV (packed cell volume)/HCT (Hematocrit)%Male: 42-52; Female: 36-48
RBC indices
MCV (mean cell volume)fl82-92
MCH (mean cell hemoglobin)pg27-32
MCHC (mean cell hemoglobin concentration)g/dl32-36
DLC (differential leukocyte count)
Neutrophil40-75
Lymphocyte20-45
Monocyte2-8
Eosinophil1-4
Basophil0-1
Band Cell
2. ESR (Westergren’s method)mm/hrMale: up to 15; Female: up to 20
3. Reticulocytes%Adult: 0.5-2;Infant: 2-6
4. Bleeding Time (Ivy’s Method)min2-7
5. Clotting Time (Lee and White Method)min4-9
6. Prothrombin TimeSec10-14
INR< 1.1
7. APTT30-40
8. Malaria Parasite
a. Thick smear
b. Thin smear
Found/
Not found
9. MicrofilariaFound/not found
10. Peripheral blood smear (PBS) CommentRBCs: Normocytic normochromic
WBCs: Normal Morphology
Platelets: Adequate on blood film
Others: No abnormal cells and microbes detected
Note
Table: Unit and Normal Range of Hematology Tests

Complete Blood Count (CBC) Result, Unit, Reference Range, and Testing Methods

Fig. Complete Blood Count (CBC) Result, Unit, Reference Range, and Testing Methods

Contd…

Medical Lab Notes

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