All Notes

Enterococcus faecalis: Introduction, Keynotes, and Related Footage

Introduction

Enterococcus faecalis (previously identified as Streptococcus faecalis) is a Gram-positive coccus in singles, pairs, and even short chains which is a commensal member of the gut microbiota of a wide range of microbes. With the advent of antibiotic therapy, it has emerged as a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain, hospital-acquired, and opportunistic pathogen. Highly virulent strains of this bacterium express a pore-forming exotoxin, called cytolysin, which lyses both bacterial and eukaryotic cells in response to quorum signals.

Fig. E. faecalis in-1. CLED medium, 2. blood agar, 3. Gram staining, 4. MacConkey medium without bile salt and crystal violet, and 5. bile esculin test

Keynotes on E. faecalis

  • Enterococci are Gram positive bacteria often grouped in pairs (diplococci) or short chains.
  • E. faecalis may cause bacteremia, endocarditis, periodontitis, meningitis ,urinary tract infections (UTIs), and wound infections.
  • E. faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common species of Enterococcus in humans.
  • E. casseliflavus and E. gallinarum are motile enterococci.

Enterococcus Related Footages

E. faecalis in saline wet mount

Fig. Enterococcus faecalis in saline wet mount microscopy demo

E. faecalis growth on CLED agar

Fig. E. faecalis growth on CLED agar

Enterococcus faecalis in Gram staining of culture

Gram positive cocci in pairs and short chains of Enterococcus in Gram staining of culture.

Fig. E. faecalis in Gram staining of culture

Enterococcus faecalis in MacConkey agar lacking bile salt and crystal violet-

This is MacConkey medium lacking bile salt and crystal violet and thus the Enterococcus grew on this medium as shown below.

Fig. E. faecalis in MacConkey agar lacking bile salt and crystal violet

Enterococcus faecalis in blood agar

E. faecalis colony on 5% sheep blood agar is non-hemolytic, circular, and convex colonies with entire margin.

Fig. E. faecalis in blood agar

Bile Esculin Test Positive of Enterococcus faecalis

Enterococcus species are capable of growing in the presence of 4% bile and hydrolyzing esculin.

Fig. Bile Esculin Test Positive of E. faecalis

Antibiogram of E. faecalis

Report: AST_Enterococcus faecalis
Medical Lab Notes

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