Klebsiella oxytoca biochemical tests in TSI, SIM, Urea and Citrate Agar Demonstration
The genus Klebsiella is from the surname of German-Swiss microbiologist Edwin Klebs (1834–1913). Klebsiella is a member of the family, Enterobacteriaceae and it is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, fimbriated, non -motile, non-sporing rod-shaped bacterium with a prominent polysaccharide-based capsule and having a size of 0.5 to 0.8 µm wide to 1-2 µm. Klebsiella oxytoca is naturally found in the intestinal tract, mouth, and nose. This organism is a gut bacterium inside our intestines whereas, outside the gut, it can cause serious infections.
It is commonly spread in healthcare environments like nursing homes and intensive care units (ICU) of the hospital. It is an opportunistic organism and it may cause infections in immunocompromised hosts. K. oxytoca is the etiological agent of pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and wound infections. The risk factors for developing infections are prolonged hospital stay, long-term antibiotics use, use of a ventilator, IV catheter, and having diabetes.
Table of Contents
| Basic Features | Properties |
| 1. Gram Staining | Gram-Negative Rods (GNRs) |
| 2. Spore | Non-Sporing |
| 3. Capsule | Positive |
| 4. Motility | Negative (Non-motile) |
| 5. Pigment | Negative |
| 6. Growth in potassium cyanide (KCN) medium | Positive |
| 7. Catalase test | Positive |
| 8. Oxidase test | Negative |
| 9. Nitrate reduction test | Positive |
| 10. MR (Methyl Red) test | Negative |
| 11. VP (Voges- Proskauer) assay | Positive |
| 12. OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) test | Fermentative |
| 13. Gas | Variable |
| 14. H2S production | Negative |
| 15. Indole formation | Positive |
| 16. Urease/urea hydrolysis test | Positive |
| 17. Citrate/ citrate utilization | Positive |
| 18. DNase test | Negative |
| 19. Glucose fermentation | Positive |
| 20. Maltose fermentation | Positive |
| 21. Lactose fermentation | Positive |
| 22. Sucrose fermentation | Positive |
| 23. Xylose fermentation | Positive |
| 24. Mannitol fermentation | Positive |
| 25. Acetate Utilization | Variable |
| 26. ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive |
| 27. Phenylalanine Deaminase (PDA)/PPA Test | Positive |
| 28. Lipase test | Negative |
| 29. Esculin Hydrolysis test | Positive |
| 30. Lysine Decarboxylase Test | Positive |
| 31. Ornithine Decarboxylase Test | Negative |
| 32. Arginine Dihydrolase Test | Negative |
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