Shigella boydii colony morphology on XLD agar
Shigella are Gram-negative bacilli measuring about 1-3 µm X 0.5 µm. They are non-motile, non-encapsulated, non-sporing, and non-acid-fast bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. They cause an infectious disease called Shigellosis. There are four species or serogroups based on biochemical and serological properties-A. Shigella dysenterae (12 Serotypes), B. S. flexneri(6 serotypes), C. Shigella boydii (18 serotypes) and D. Shigella sonnei (1 serotype).
| Basic Features | Properties |
| 1. Gram Staining | Gram-Negative Rods (GNRs) |
| 2. Spore | Non-Sporing |
| 3. Capsule | Negative |
| 4. Motility | Negative |
| 5. Pigment | Negative |
| 6. Growth in potassium cyanide (KCN) medium | Negative |
| 7. Catalase test | Positive |
| 8. Oxidase test | Negative |
| 9. Nitrate reduction test | Positive |
| 10. MR (Methyl Red) test | Positive |
| 11. VP (Voges- Proskauer) assay | Negative |
| 12. OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) test | Fermentative/Facultative anaerobe |
| 13. Gas from Glucose | Positive |
| 14. H2S production | Negative |
| 15. Indole formation | Variable |
| 16. Urease/ urea hydrolysis test | Negative |
| 17. Citrate/ citrate utilization | Negative |
| 18. DNase test | Negative |
| 19. Glucose fermentation | Positive |
| 20. Maltose fermentation | Variable |
| 21. Lactose fermentation | Negative |
| 22. Sucrose fermentation | Negative |
| 23. Xylose fermentation | Negative |
| 24. Mannitol fermentation | Positive |
| 25. Acetate Utilization | Negative |
| 26. ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative |
| 27. Phenylalanine Deaminase (PDA)/PPA Test | Negative |
| 28. Lipase test | Negative |
| 29. Esculin Hydrolysis test | Negative |
| 30. Lysine Decarboxylase Test | Negative |
| 31. Ornithine Decarboxylase Test | Negative |
| 32. Arginine Dihydrolase Test | Negative |
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