Vibrio cholerae: Introduction, Identification Features, Keynotes, and Vibrio Footages
Vibrio cholerae: Introduction, Identification Features, Keynotes, and Vibrio Footages
Introduction
Table of Contents
The genus, Vibrio is a member of the family, Vibrionaceae and the most common human pathogens are Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, motile, non-sporing, and non-capsulated, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacterium. It is a ubiquitous and abundant aquatic environment. Some strains of V. cholerae are pathogenic to humans and cause the deadly disease cholera, which can be occurred from the consumption of undercooked or raw marine life species. It was first described by Félix-Archimède Pouchet in 1849 and he thought it was some kind of protozoa but later confirmed by Filippo Pacini correctly identified it as a bacterium.
The causative agent of cholera was confirmed by Robert Koch in 1884 whereas Sambhu Nath De isolated the cholera toxin. He demonstrated the toxin as the cause of cholera in 1959. Two serogroups called O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks. Diarrhea and vomiting are two clinical features of cholera patients within several hours to 2–3 days of ingestion. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) and antibiotics (fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines) are the common treatment procedure.
Fig. 1. Rice water stool in a container, 2. Prepared hanging drop ready for observation,3. V. cholerae dipstick test positive, 4 V. cholerae growth on TCBS agar, 5. Biochemical reaction of V. cholerae in TSI, SIM, and Citrate agar, 6. String test positive and 7. V. cholerae serotyping
Vibrio species are responsible for the majority of human diseases attributed to the natural microbiota of aquatic environments and seafood; the most common pathogenic species are V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. alginolyticus.
Vibrio cholerae has two circular DNA and one of them produces the cholera toxin (CT), a protein that causes profuse, watery diarrhea and it is also called rice-water stool.
Vibrio Footages
Rice water stool of a cholera patient
Fig. Rice water stool of a cholera patient
Prepared hanging drop for Darting motility
Fig. Prepared hanging drop for Darting motility
Hanging drop positive for Darting motility of Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae causing haemodigestion on blood agar
Fig. V. cholerae causing haemodigestion on blood agar
Freshly prepared various culture media for Vibrio cholerae
Fig. Freshly prepared various culture media for V. cholerae-Monsur’s taurocholate tellurite peptone water (pH 9.2), Monsur’s gelatin taurocholate trypticase tellurite agar (pH8.5), Gelatin stab medium, and alkaline bile salt agar
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Great post. I was checking continuously this blog and I'm impressed! Very helpful info specially the last part :) I care for such info much. I was seeking this certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck.
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