Introduction of Hemolysis and Hemodigestion
Table of Contents
When the pure isolated colony of organism on a blood agar plate is exposed in bright transmitted light, we differentiate between hemolysis and hemodigestion since hemolysis is the process of killing blood cells by bacteria, and the area surrounding a single colony becomes partial clear (alpha hemolysis e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae ) or completely clear (beta hemolysis e.g. Streptococcus agalactiae) whereas in hemodigestion no clear zone can be seen near single colony but can be observed near the dense streaked area of the bacteria (Vibrio cholerae).
Difference between Hemolysis and Hemodigestion
The differences between hemolysis and hemodigestion are summarized as follows-
Hemolysis | Hemodigestion |
A clear zone surrounding a single colony | A clear zone near the dense streaked area |
A clear zone with debris | A clear zone without debris |
Bacteria use hemolysins that cause lysis of blood cells. | It is the nonspecific killing of blood cells by metabolic by-products of bacteria. |
Microbes responsible for hemolysis mainly express partial and complete hemolysis. e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae (partial hemolysis) and Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae (clear zone) | Microbes responsible for hemodigestion mainly express the greenish zone that appears around the colonies and later becomes clear. e.g. Vibrio cholerae |
Hemolysis and Hemodigestion Related Footages
Alpha hemolysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Beta-hemolysis of Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes beta-hemolytic colony
Streptococcus agalactiae beta-hemolytic colony on blood agar of high vaginal swab culture
The greenish colonies of Vibrio cholerae on blood agar
Hemodigestion on blood agar by Vibrio cholerae
Hemodigestion on blood agar by bacteria
Further Reading
- researchgate.net/post/Difference_between_Hemolysis_and_Hemodigestion
- https://universe84a.com/collection/blood-agar-haemodigestion/
- awetz, Melnick and Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology. Editors: Geo. F. Brook, Janet S. Butel & Stephen A. Morse, 21st ed 1998, Publisher Appleton & Lance, Co Stamford Connecticut.
- Mackie and Mc Cartney Practical Medical Microbiology. Editors: J.G. Colle, A.G. Fraser, B.P. Marmion, A. Simmous, 4th ed, Publisher Churchill Living Stone, New York, Melborne, Sans Franscisco 1996.
- Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Editors: P.R. Murray, E. J. Baron, M. A. Pfaller, F. C. Tenover and R. H. Yolken, 7th ed 2005, Publisher ASM, USA
- District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries – Part-2- Monica Cheesebrough- 2nd Edn Update
- Text book of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Connie R. Mahon, Donald G. Lehman & George Manuselis, 3rd edition2007, Publisher Elsevier.
- https://www.jfmed.uniba.sk/fileadmin/jlf/Pracoviska/ustav-mikrobiologie-a-imunologie/VLa/STREPTOCOCCI.pdf
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