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Introduction The fructosamine test is a laboratory blood test used to monitor and evaluate blood glucose control over a relatively short period, typically spanning two to three weeks. It provides an alternative or complementary measure to the more common hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test, which reflects …
Introduction The VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) and TPHA (Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay) tests are laboratory diagnostic tests used to detect antibodies produced in response to the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which is the causative agent of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI). These tests play …
Introduction HIV, HBsAg, and HCV ELISA are three distinct diagnostic tests used in the field of medicine and clinical diagnostics to detect specific viral infections. Here’s an introduction to each of these tests: These ELISA tests are essential tools in the diagnosis and monitoring of …
Introduction of Thyroid Function Test (TFT) If you are suffering from any of the symptoms stated in the table (Differences between Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism), ask for a thyroid function test (TFT). Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in your body …
Introduction of Exotoxins and Endotoxins Numerous bacteria produce toxins, enzymes, and pigments. Toxins and enzymes play significant roles in pathogenicity. Toxins are of two types- Differences Between Exotoxins and Endotoxins The differences between exotoxins and endotoxins are as follows- S. No Exotoxins Endotoxins 1. Exotoxins …
Introduction of Seasonal flu and COVID-19 Seasonal flu and COVID-19 both are contagious respiratory illnesses, but their causative agents are different viruses. The etiological agent of COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) first identified in 2019 while flu is caused by infection …
Introduction The VITEK 2 compact system is an automated microbiology bacteria and yeasts identification and antimicrobial susceptibility system which uses biochemicals for microbial identification whereas, VITEK MS performs the same function by covering a large number of microbes in a short time period at a …
Introduction of Diphtheria bacillus and Diphtheroids Diphtheria bacillus is also known as Klebs-Löffler bacillus and it is a Gram-positive nonmotile, club-shaped bacillus of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. C. diphtheriae is a causative agent of Diphtheria (a serious infection of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat). …