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Introduction of Seasonal flu and COVID-19 Seasonal flu and COVID-19 both are contagious respiratory illnesses, but their causative agents are different viruses. The etiological agent of COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) first identified in 2019 while flu is caused by infection …
Introduction The VITEK 2 compact system is an automated microbiology bacteria and yeasts identification and antimicrobial susceptibility system which uses biochemicals for microbial identification whereas, VITEK MS performs the same function by covering a large number of microbes in a short time period at a …
Introduction of Diphtheria bacillus and Diphtheroids Diphtheria bacillus is also known as Klebs-Löffler bacillus and it is a Gram-positive nonmotile, club-shaped bacillus of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. C. diphtheriae is a causative agent of Diphtheria (a serious infection of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat). …
Introduction of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria ‘Gram-Positive Bacilli (GPB)‘ is also called Gram-Positive Rods (GPR) bacteria which retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Gram’s staining. The most common medically important bacteria of GPR are Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Actinomyces israelii, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bifidobacterium species, Corynebacterium …
Introduction of Bacteria and Virus Bacteria are member of a large group of living unicellular microbes having size of cocci 0.5-1.0 µm while bacilli 1-10 µm×3-10µm which have cell walls but lacking an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease like pneumonia, tuberculosis, food …
Introduction The virus has either DNA or RNA nucleic acid and RNA viruses have RNA nucleic acids. During the replication of these viruses, there are at least three types of RNA that must be synthesized. They are- the genome, a copy of the genome (copy …
Parasites and their infective stages, habitat, and causing diseases list is given as follows- S.No. Name of Parasites Infective stage Habitat Disease 1 Entamoeba histolytica Quadrinucleate cyst Large intestine Dysentery 2 Giardia lamblia Cyst Small intestine Diarrhea 3 a.Plasmodium vivexb.Plasmodium falciparumc.Plasmodium malariaed.Plasmodium ovale Sporozoa RBCs …
Introduction of Taenia solium and Taenia saginata Taenia saginata is the beef tapeworm, a worldwide distribution in countries where cattle are raised and beef is eaten. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm and it is not as widely distributed as T. saginata. It occurs mainly …