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Introduction GI cancers originate within the human digestive system, spanning from the upper esophagus down to the rectum and anus. These malignancies are often characterized by an insidious onset, meaning they remain asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms (such as indigestion, fatigue, or mild abdominal …
Introduction Liver cancer is a major global health problem and ranks among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It primarily arises from hepatocytes or bile duct epithelial cells and is frequently associated with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The most common form is primary …
Introduction The Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) test is a blood test commonly used in the field of medicine to measure the levels of alpha-fetoprotein in a person’s bloodstream. Alpha-fetoprotein is a specific protein that is produced by the developing fetus during pregnancy. It plays a vital role …