DNA Viruses: Introduction, Family, Common Names, Virion, Capsid Symmetry, Nucleic Acid Type, Grouping, and Keynotes

Introduction of DNA Viruses

The virus is an obligate intracellular infectious agent and on the basis of nucleic acid, it is of two types-DNA viruses and RNA viruses. DNA viruses have DNA genomes. They are replicated by either host or virally encoded DNA polymerases.Some clinically important DNA viruses and causing diseases are mentioned in a table.

S.No.Name of virusesDisease/infection
1.Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Hepatitis
2.Human papillomavirus (HPV)Warts and Cervical cancer
3.Herpes simplex virus (HSV)HSV-1: Oral herpes
HSV-2: Genital herpes
4.Cytomegalovirus (CMV)Congenital CMV
Table: Clinically Important DNA Viruses
Virus nucleic acid Extraction setup
Fig. Virus nucleic acid Extraction setup

DNA Viruses family, common names, virion, capsid symmetry, nucleic acid type, and grouping

DNA Virus family, common names, virion, capsid symmetry, nucleic acid type, and grouping are as follows-

Virus
Family
Common NameVirion naked/
enveloped
Capsid
Symmetry
Nucleic
acid
type
Group
AdenoviridaeAdenovirus,
Infectious canine
hepatitis virus
NakedIcosahedraldsI
PapillomaviridaePapillomavirusNakedIcosahedralds circularI
ParvoviridaeParvovirus B19,
Canine parvovirus
NakedIcosahedralssII
HerpesviridaeHerpes simplex virus,
varicella-zoster virus,
cytomegalovirus,
Epstein-Barr virus
EnvelopedIcosahedraldsI
PoxviridaeSmallpox virus,
cowpox virus,
sheep pox virus,
monkeypox virus,
vaccinia virus
Complex coatsComplexdsI
HepadnaviridaeHepatitis B virusEnvelopedIcosahedralcircular,
partially ds
VII
PolyomaviridaePolyomavirusNakedIcosahedralds circularI
AnelloviridaeTorque teno virusNakedIcosahedralss circularII
Table: DNA Virus family, common names, virion, capsid symmetry, nucleic acid type, and grouping

Keynotes

  • Large viruses with genomes greater than 300 kb and up to 1200 kb are often called giruses.
  • The 95 percent of anal cancers are caused by HPV infection. HPV genotype 16 is involved in most of these cases.
  • 70 percent of cervical cancer cases are due to HPV 16 and 18 strains.
  • Congenital CMV can be diagnosed using TORCH test.

212 thoughts on “DNA Viruses: Introduction, Family, Common Names, Virion, Capsid Symmetry, Nucleic Acid Type, Grouping, and Keynotes”

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