Definition of Dermatophytes
Table of Contents
Dermatophytes are a common label for a group of three types of keratinophilic fungi that infect keratinized tissues causing diseases known as dermatophytoses and they are Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton that commonly cause skin, nail, and hair disease in our body.

Differences among Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton
The differences among Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton are as follows-
Character | Trichophyton | Microsporum | Epidermophyton |
Site of infection | Hair, nail, and skin | Hair and skin only | Skin and nail only |
Colony morphology on SDA | Powderly pigmented | Cotton like pigmented | Powderly greenish-yellow |
Spores | |||
a. Microconidia | Abundant | Relatively scanty | Absent |
b. Macroconidia | Pencil or cylindrical shaped | Spindle-shaped | Club or pear-shaped |
Footages of Dermatophytes
Ringworm in the groin region of a patient

Dermatophytes in KOH Mount of Skin scrapping

Trichophyton colony characteristics

Microsporum ferrugineum in LPCB Mount showing bamboo hyphae and the absence of both microconidia and macroconidia

Nail Dermatophytes in Nail Clipping KOH Mount Microscopy

Epidermophyton in LPCB Tease Mount

Further Reading
- Clinical Microbiology Procedure Handbook, Chief in editor H.D. Isenberg, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Publisher ASM (American Society for Microbiology), Washington DC.
- A Text-Book of Medical Mycology. Editor: Jagdish Chandar, Publication Mehata, India.
- Medical Mycology. Editors: Emmons and Binford, 2nd ed 1970, Publisher Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
- Practical Laboratory Mycology. Editors: Koneman E.W. and G.D. Roberts, 3rd ed 1985, Publisher Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/epidermophyton
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264553316_Dermatophytosis_Causes_clinical_features_signs_and_treatment
- https://cmr.asm.org/content/cmr/8/2/240.full.pdf
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88888/
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