Introduction of Hafnia alvei
Table of Contents
Hafnia alvei is a members of the Enterobacteriaceae and it is inhabited in our gastrointestinal tract and also in many animal species as part of the normal microflora. It is a Gram negative rod, non capsulated and non-sporing bacterium motile with flagella. Malignancy, trauma, and recent surgery patients are prone to H. alvei infections.
Properties of Hafnia alvei
| Basic Features | Properties |
| 1. Gram Staining | Gram Negative Rods (GNRs) |
| 2. Spore | Non-Sporing |
| 3. Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| 4. Motility | Motile |
| 5. Pigment | Negative |
| 6. Growth in potassium cyanide (KCN) medium | Positive |
| 7. Catalase test | Positive |
| 8. Oxidase test | Negative |
| 9. Nitrate reduction test | Positive |
| 10. MR (Methyl Red) test | Variable |
| 11. VP (Voges- Proskauer) assay | Positive |
| 12. OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) test | Fermentative |
| 13. Gas from Glucose | Positive |
| 14. H2S production | Negative |
| 15. Indole formation | Negative |
| 16. Urease/ urea hydrolysis test | Negative |
| 17. Citrate/ citrate utilization | Positive |
| 18. DNase test | Negative |
| 19. Glucose fermentation | Positive |
| 20. Maltose fermentation | Positive |
| 21. Lactose fermentation | Negative |
| 22. Sucrose fermentation | Negative |
| 23. Xylose fermentation | Positive |
| 24. Mannitol fermentation | Positive |
| 25. Acetate Utilization | Negative |
| 26. ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive |
| 27. Phenylalanine Deaminase (PDA)/PPA Test | Negative |
| 28. Lipase test | Negative |
| 29. Esculin Hydrolysis test | Negative |
| 30. Lysine Decarboxylase Test | Positive |
| 31. Ornithine Decarboxylase Test | Positive |
| 32. Arginine Dihydrolase Test | Negative |
Further Reading
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hafnia-alvei
- Cowan & Steel’s Manual for identification of Medical Bacteria. Editors: G.I. Barron & R.K. Felthani, 3rd ed 1993, Publisher Cambridge University Press.
- Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Bettey A. Forbes, Daniel F. Sahm & Alice S. Weissfeld, 12th ed 2007, Publisher Elsevier.
- Mackie and Mc Cartney Practical Medical Microbiology. Editors: J.G. Colle, A.G. Fraser, B.P. Marmion, A. Simmous, 4th ed, Publisher Churchill Living Stone, New York, Melborne, Sans Franscisco 1996.
- Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Editors: Connie R. Mahon, Donald G. Lehman & George Manuselis, 3rd edition2007, Publisher Elsevier.
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