Introduction
Table of Contents
Enterobacter aerogenes is a Risk Group 2 organism and is responsible for nosocomial infection, human and animal diseases and normally present in the gut of vertebrates and also in the environment and thus it may be the organism of concern for on health scheme. Classification of bacterium is as follows-
- Kingdom: Bacteria
- Phylum: Proteobacteria
- Class: Gammaproteobacteria
- Order: Enterobacteriales
- Family: Enterobacteriaceae
- Genus: Enterobacter
- Species: Enterobacter aerogenes
E. aerogenes is a member of a family, Enterobacteriaceae and it is a Gram-negative, motile, straight rod, a non-spore-forming, and capsulated bacterium. A colony is normally circular, raised, and moist with an entire margin and vary from beige to off-white and it forms a large, mucoid, pink colony like Klebsiella on MacConkey medium. It can cause a variety of clinical conditions in the human-like eye and skin infections, meningitis, bacteremia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections.
Biochemical Reactions of Enterobacter aerogenes
| Basic Features | Properties |
| 1. Gram Staining | Gram-Negative Rods (GNRs) |
| 2. Spore | Non-Sporing |
| 3. Capsule | Positive |
| 4. Motility | Positive |
| 5. Pigment | Negative |
| 6. Growth in potassium cyanide (KCN) medium | Positive |
| 7. Catalase test | Positive |
| 8. Oxidase test | Negative |
| 9. Nitrate reduction test | Positive |
| 10. MR (Methyl Red) test | Negative |
| 11. VP (Voges- Proskauer) assay | Positive |
| 12. OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) test | Fermentative |
| 13. Gas | Positive |
| 14. H2S production | Negative |
| 15. Indole formation | Negative |
| 16. Urease/ urea hydrolysis test | Negative |
| 17. Citrate/ citrate utilization | Positive |
| 18. DNase test | Negative |
| 19. Glucose fermentation | Positive |
| 20. Maltose fermentation | Positive |
| 21. Lactose fermentation | Positive |
| 22. Sucrose fermentation | Negative |
| 23. Xylose fermentation | Positive |
| 24. Mannitol fermentation | Positive |
| 25. Gamma-Glutamyl transferase | Positive |
| 26. ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive |
| 27. Phenylalanine Deaminase (PDA)/PPA Test | Negative |
| 28. Tetrathionate reductase | Negative |
| 29. Esculin Hydrolysis test | Positive |
| 30. Lysine Decarboxylase Test | Positive |
| 31. Ornithine Decarboxylase Test | Positive |
| 32. Arginine Dihydrolase Test | Negative |
Keynotes on Enterobacter
- Enterobacter aerogenes is naturally gut flora of many vertebrates.
- Newly Named Klebsiella aerogenes is previous Enterobacter aerogenes.
- It is named Klebsiella aerogenes due to following features- based on numerical taxonomy (Bascom et al. 1971) and phylogenetic analyses of Enterobacteriaceae based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences and gyrB sequence alignments , MALDI-TOF Biotyper analysis and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization which proved a higher similarity between Enterobacter aerogenes and members of the genus Klebsiella than between Enterobacter aerogenes and other members of the genus Enterobacter.
E. aerogenes Footages
E. aerogenes colony morphology on MacConkey agar
Enterobacter biochemical tests in TSI, MIU and Citrate agar
E. aerogenes antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) pattern Demo
AST Pattern
Further Readings
- https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/evaluating-existing-substances/screening-assessment-enterobacter-aerogenes.html
- Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology [3] : Volume 2: The Proteobacteria , Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/enterobacter-aerogenes
- https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Enterobacter_aerogenes
- https://eol.org/pages/972692/details
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8035/
- https://www.msdsonline.com/resources/sds-resources/free-safety-data-sheet-index/enterobacter-spp/https://catalog.hardydiagnostics.com/cp_prod/Content/hugo/Enterobacter.htm
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32493786/
- http://legacy.bd.com/ds/technicalCenter/inserts/L007471(06)(0506).pdf
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771419300382
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