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Basic Microbiology

Citrate Utilization Test: Introduction Principle, Procedure, Result and Interpretation, Citrate Utilization Test Positive and Negative Bacteria List and keynotes

December 5, 2022January 3, 2022 by Medical Lab Notes

Citrate Utilization Test: Introduction Principle, Procedure, Result and Interpretation, Citrate Utilization Test Positive and Negative Bacteria List and keynotes

Introduction A citrate utilization test is the most commonly used routine biochemical test for Gram-negative rods in bacteriology for the identification of bacteria on the basis of citrate utilization. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the citrate utilization-positive organism while Escherichia coli is negative. Principle of Citrate Utilization Test …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Biochemical Test of Bacteria, Miscellaneous Tags Bacteria, Citrate, Citrate negative bacteria, Citrate positive bacteria, Citrate test, Citrate utilization test, Citrate Utilization Test Positive and Negative Bacteria List, GNB, GNR, Introduction of Citrate Utilization Test, keynotes on Citrate Utilization Test, Klebsiella, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Medlabsolutions9, Microhub, mruniversei, Principle of Citrate Utilization Test, Procedure of Citrate Utilization Test, Result and Interpretation of Citrate Utilization Test, Universe84a

Common Formulae of Diagnostic Laboratory: Introduction, List of Formulae, and Description

December 5, 2022January 3, 2022 by Medical Lab Notes

Required Common Formulae of Diagnostic Laboratory

Introduction of Common Formulae of Diagnostic Laboratory The ‘Common Formulae of Diagnostic Laboratory’ title is really useful who are involved in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine tests reporting as well as students who are related to this branch of health science. The author …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Biochemistry, Common Formulae Required in Laboratory, Haematology, Histopathology, Immunology/Serology, Miscellaneous, Molecular Biology/Genetics, Normal Ranges of Tests Tags % Eosinophils, % Eosinophils calculation formula, 24 Hours Urinary Protein Calculation, Absolute Eosinophil calculation formula, Absolute Eosinophil Count, Bacteria, Color Index, Color Index calculation formula, Coomon formulae of Diagnostic Laboratory, GNB, GNR, Haematocrit, Haemoglobin, Haemoglobin calculation formula, HCT calculation formula, Klebsiella, Laboratory Formulae, LDL, LDL calculation formula, MCH calculation formula, MCHC calculation formula, MCV calculation formula, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration, Mean Cell Volume, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Medlabsolutions9, Micro Loop Factor, Micro Loop Factor calculation formula, Microhub, mruniversei, Pcaked Cell Volume, PCV calculation formula, Platelets calculation formula, Platelets count, RBC calculation formula, Red blood cells count, Reticulocyte count, Reticulocyte count calculation formula, Sperm calculation formula, sperm count, Universe84a, VLDL, VLDL calculation formula, WBC calculation formula, White Blood Cell Count

Catalase Test: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation, and Precautions

December 5, 2022January 1, 2022 by Medical Lab Notes

Catalase Test- Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation and Precautions

Introduction of Catalase Test The catalase test is the most common in bacteriology and is commonly used to differentiate those bacteria that produce this enzyme, such as staphylococci, from non-catalase producing bacteria such as streptococci. It is two types depending on the testing methods and they …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Biochemical Test of Bacteria Tags Bacteria, Catalase Test, GNB, GNR, gpc, Introduction of Catalase Test, Klebsiella, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Medlabsolutions9, Microhub, mruniversei, Precautions of Catalase Test, Principle of Catalase Test, Procedure of Catalase Test, Result -Interpretation of Catalase Test, slide method, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, tube method, Universe84a

Oxidase Test for Bacteria: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation, and Keynotes

December 5, 2022January 1, 2022 by Medical Lab Notes

Oxidase Test for Bacteria: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation and Keynotes

Introduction of Oxidase Test (Kovac’s Method) Gordon and McLeod introduced the application of a dimethyl-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride solution to test for the presence of oxidase systems in 1928. In particular, they used the test to differentiate N. gonorrhoeae (oxidase test positive) from Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species (oxidase negative). The sensitivity of the …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Biochemical Test of Bacteria, Miscellaneous Tags Achromobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacteria, Bordetella (Except-B. parapertusis, Brucella (except B. canis), Campylobacter, Cardiobacterium, Chromobacterium, Eikinella, Flavobacterium, GNB, GNR, Haemophilus spp., Introduction of Oxidase test, Keynotes of Oxidase test, List of of Oxidase test positive bacteria, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Medlabsolutions9, Microhub, mruniversei, Oxidase test, Oxidase Test for Bacteria, Oxidase test positive organisms, Pasteurella multicida Eikinella, Plesiomonas, Principle of Oxidase test, Procedure of Oxidase test, Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas(except Ps. cepacia), Result Interpretation of Oxidase test, Universe84a, Vibrio

Body Fluid Analysis: Introduction, List of Tests, Unit and Normal Range

December 5, 2022December 31, 2021 by Medical Lab Notes

Body Fluid Analysis Introduction, List of Tests, Unit and Normal Range

Introduction of Body Fluid Analysis Body fluid or cavity fluid is the fluid that covers our vital organs that not only reduces friction between the membranes but also delivers oxygen and nutrients to the cells, and takes away waste materials, which are then eliminated with …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Biochemistry, Haematology, Histopathology, Microscopy, Miscellaneous, Normal Ranges of Tests, Report and Guidelines, Staining Tags Ascitic fluid, Bacteria, Body Fluid Analysis, Cavity Fluid Analysis, Fluid analysis, Fluid test, GNB, GNR, Introduction of Body Fluid Analysis, Joint fluid, Klebsiella, List of Tests in Body Fluid Analysis, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions9, Microhub, mruniversei, Perotoneal fluid, Pleural Fluid, Synovial fluid, Tubes for fluid analysis, Unit and Normal Range, Unit and Normal Range of body fluid tests, Universe84a

Atlas of Parasites: Introduction, List of Contents, and Description

December 5, 2022December 29, 2021 by Medical Lab Notes

Atlas of Parasites: Introduction, List of Contents, and Description

Introduction The name ‘ Atlas of Parasites’ is given even due to the vast spectrum of Parasitology but puny collection and another thing are that only an epic center collection of author authentical performance. So, please if you have benefited from this atlas, let others …

Categories All Notes, Basic Microbiology, Medical Laboratory Pictures, Microscopy, Parasitology, Staining Tags . Kinyoun’s stained fecal smear Microscopy showing Oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, Adult Ascaris lumbricoides or roundworm demonstration, Adult parasite-Tapeworm or Taenia Demonstration, Ascaris or Roundworm egg in stool microscopy-Zoomed View ( Mag. 1600X), Atlas of Parasites, Blastocysts hominis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Cyclospora cayetanensis oocyst in modified Acid Fast staining, Cyst and trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica in LPCB wet mount, Cysts of Giardia lamblia in Iodine wet mount, Differentiating Taenia eggs found in human stool using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, Dipylidium caninum, Dog tapeworm, Egg of tapeworm or Taenia in saline wet mount Microscopy, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli cyst with 8 nuclei in iodine wet mount, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar in a saline wet mount, Fertilized egg changing to the larva of Ascaris or roundworm in stored stool microscopy, Giardia lamblia, Giardia lamblia Cysts in Saline wet mount of Stool, Giemsa Stained Amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in Bone Marrow, Hatching and Larval Release of Parasite, Heavy load of parasites in the stool of a patient Microscopy at a magnification of 400X, Hookworm egg in an unstained wet mount, Hymenolypsis nana or H. nana or Vampirolepsis egg showing hooklets in feces microscopy, Larva of the parasite, Leishmania donovani, List of Contents, Liver fluke or Fasciola encountered during ERCP -Liver fluke adult worm in the biliary passage of a patient, Medical Notes, Medical parasites, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions9, Methylene Blue wet mount of stool Microscopy showing cysts of Giardia lamblia, Microhub, mruniversei, Parasites, Plasmodium falciparum banana-shaped Gametocyte in thin blood smears, Plasmodium species, Protozoans, Stool under the Microscope showing Parasite, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides stercoralis in cultured MHA plate Microscopy, Trichomonas hominis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Trichrome stained smear of stool Microscopy showing Trophozoite of Giardia lamblia, Trichuris trichura or whipworm egg in a saline wet mount, Unicellular parasites, Universe84a

Bacteria-wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST): Introduction, List of Bacterial Panel, Antibiotics

December 5, 2022December 28, 2021 by Medical Lab Notes

Bacteria wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST): Introduction, List of Bacterial Panel, Antibiotics

Introduction of Bacteria-wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) All antimicrobial agents/ antibiotics are not applicable for all bacteria and for this reason, we should follow organism-wise antibiotics policy. As we know, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing day by day but no new antibiotic has not been …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Culture Media, Miscellaneous, Report and Guidelines Tags Acinetobacter, AMR, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, AST, AST for Acinetobacter, AST for E. coli, AST for Enterococcus, AST for Klebsiella, AST for Proteus, AST of Pseudomonas, Bacteria, Bacteria-wise Antibiotics, Bacteria-wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, CLSI, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, EUCAST, GLASS, GNB, GNR, H. parainfluenzae, Haemophilus influenzae, Introduction of Bacteria-wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST), Klebsiella, List of Bacterial Panels for Bacteria-wise Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST), Medical Note, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Medlabsolutions9, Microhub, mruniversei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ß-Haemolytic Streptococci •, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp. Viridans Group, Universe84a, Viridans streptococci

VITEK 2 Compact System: Introduction, Testing Requirements, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation, and Keynotes

December 7, 2022December 26, 2021 by Medical Lab Notes

VITEK 2 Compact System: Introduction, Testing Requirements, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation and Keynotes

Introduction The VITEK 2 compact system is an automated microbiology bacterial and fungal (mainly yeasts) identification and antimicrobial susceptibility system. Testing Requirements 11. AST-Card-It is also of the following types- 12. VITEK 2 Compact (machine) Testing Procedure Result Interpretation Organisms Identification GN-Reagent Card: In this …

Categories All Notes, Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Instrumentation, Miscellaneous, Mycology Tags Bacteria, Bacteria Identification by Vitek, Fungal identification using Vitek, Fungi, Fungus, GNB, GNR, Handling of Vitek, Identification and antibiogram of bacteria by Vitek, Identification and AST of Yeasts by Vitek, Klebsiella, Medicallabnotes, Medlabsolutions, Microhub, mruniversei, Pseudomonas, Test requirements for Vitek, Universe84a, Uses of Vitek, Vitek, VITEK 2 Compact, VITEK 2 Compact System, Yeasts

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