ONPG Test: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result -Interpretation, and Keynotes

ONPG Test Negative (left) and Positive Bacteria (right)

Introduction of ONPG Test ONPG test is useful in differentiating members of the family  Enterobacteriaceae and genera Neisseria based on b-D-galactosidase activity. ONPG stands for o-Nitrophenyl-b-D-galactopyranoside. Here we discuss on ONPG Disk Test which is simple and easy to perform. Principle The ability of an organism to ferment lactose …

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MIU Test: Introduction, Principle, Composition, MIU Agar Preparation, Test Procedure, Result-Interpretation, and Keynotes

Motile and non-motile bacteria, indole positive and negative, urease positive and negative organisms on MIU agar demonstration

Introduction of MIU Test MIU test stands for motility indole urease test and it is used for three tests among them one for motility of bacteria, second for indole formation, and third for urea hydrolyzation test of bacteria. This assay is useful for the identification …

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Laboratory Instruments and Equipment: Introduction, Name List, and Short Description

Laboratory Instruments and Equipment

Introduction of Laboratory Instruments and Equipment Laboratory Instruments and Equipment make laboratory work easy and fast. Here we discuss the instruments and equipment of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine that includes Clinical Haematology, Clinical Biochemistry, Histopathology and Cytology, Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Blood …

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Culture Media: Introduction, Common Ingredients, Types, Preparation, and Use of Common Culture Medium, Keynotes, and Related Images

Culture media with variety of microbes-Micrococcus growth on nutrient agar (upper left), Lactose fermenting(Lf) and non-lactose fermenting (NLF) colonies of Gram negative bacteria colonies on MacConkey medium, Hameophilus influenzae colony morphology on chocolate agar(lower left), beta-hemolytic colonies of Staphylococcus aureus( middle), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiogram pattern on Muller-Hinton agar(MHA)

Introduction of Culture Media Culture media are required to grow the organisms and they are generally from clinical specimens to identify the causative agent. Common Ingredients of Culture Media Common Ingredients of Culture Media and their basic constituents are as follows- Water: It is the …

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Salmonella Paratyphi: Introduction, Identification Features, Keynotes, and Salmonella Footages

Salmonella Serovar Paratyphi growth on Nutrient agar, Blood agar, MacConkey medium, BHI broth and Biochemical reactions in TSI, SIM, citrate and urea agar

Introduction Salmonella Paratyphi (serovar) belongs to Enterobacteriaceae and thus is a Gram-negative bacterium causing mild gastroenteritis to a life-threatening bloodstream infection. It causes paratyphoid fever and it is restricted to humans. Proper sanitation and hygiene may decrease its infection chance. Travelers must be cautious during …

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Visiting Visa via Sponsorship: Introduction, Requirements, and Keynotes

Visiting Visa via Sponsorship: Introduction, Requirements, and Keynotes

Visiting Visa via Sponsorship Introduction If someone’s family member in Europe (particularly the Czech Republic), he/she wants to bring his family member through sponsorship various documents are mandatory. Some documents may vary according to the situation and relation. A visit visa is also called a …

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Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan Test by Chromogenic Method: Introduction, Principle, Product Features, and Keynotes

Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan Test by Chromogenic Method: Introduction, Principle, Product Features, and Keynotes

Introduction of Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan Test by Chromogenic Method Fungus (1-3)-β-D-Glucan Test by Chromogenic Method is used for screening and diagnosis of invasive fungal infection. It is a major cell wall component of most pathogenic fungi, used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of the invasive …

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Candida Mannan ELISA Detection Kit: Introduction, Principle of ELISA, Product Characteristics, and Keynotes

Candida Mannan ELISA Detection Kit: Introduction, Principle of ELISA, Product Characteristics, and Keynotes

Introduction of Candida Mannan ELISA Detection Kit Candida Mannan ELISA Detection is used for the specific detection of Invasive Candidiasis and Candidemia. It works on the principle of competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). It is applied for the quantitative detection of Candida mannan antigen in …

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