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Introduction Haptoglobin is an acute-phase protein synthesized primarily in the liver. Its main physiological function is to bind free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes, forming a stable haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex. This prevents the loss of iron and potential kidney damage that could result from hemoglobin passing …
Introduction The Ceruloplasmin Test is a medical diagnostic test used to measure the levels of ceruloplasmin in a person’s blood. Ceruloplasmin is a copper-binding protein that plays a vital role in copper metabolism and transport in the body. This test helps in assessing copper-related disorders …
Introduction of Pus cells in Urine lacking growth on Culture Media The presence of pus cells (also known as leukocytes or white blood cells) in urine without the growth of microorganisms on culture media can indicate a condition called sterile pyuria. Sterile pyuria refers to …
Introduction Sterile pyuria refers to the presence of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the urine without the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms that typically cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). It is called “sterile” because no significant bacterial growth is observed in the urine culture …