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Introduction The Globulin Blood Test measures the levels of globulin proteins in your blood, which are essential for immunity and other functions. Moreover, globulins include alpha, beta, and gamma globulins, which play distinct roles in the body. In addition, this test evaluates overall protein balance, …
Introduction Gram staining is a routine diagnostic tool for respiratory infections. It reveals bacteria in sputum samples. Occasionally, Gram staining shows numerous pus cells but no microbes. This finding raises several clinical questions and concerns. Pus cells indicate an inflammatory response. They suggest a possible …
Introduction Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in purine metabolism, specifically in the conversion of adenosine to inosine. This enzyme is essential for maintaining the balance of nucleotides in cells and is particularly important for the normal functioning of the …
Introduction of Lupus Anticoagulant Profile The Lupus Anticoagulant Panel Test, often referred to as the Lupus Anticoagulant Profile or LA Panel, is a series of laboratory tests used to diagnose and monitor lupus anticoagulant (LA) and other antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). These tests are essential for …
Introduction Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is a laboratory technique used for detecting and visualizing specific antigens or antibodies in biological samples. It combines the principles of both immunology and fluorescence microscopy to provide highly specific and sensitive results. IFA is widely employed in various fields, including …
Introduction The Anti-CCP (Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide) test is a diagnostic tool used in the field of rheumatology and autoimmune diseases. It is primarily used to assist in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints but can also have …
Introduction Sterile pyuria refers to the presence of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the urine without the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms that typically cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). It is called “sterile” because no significant bacterial growth is observed in the urine culture …
Introduction Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is a laboratory test used to separate and analyze the proteins present in a person’s blood serum. It is a common diagnostic tool in clinical medicine and helps in the evaluation and diagnosis of various conditions, particularly those affecting the …