Giemsa stain: Introduction, Principle, Reagent Preparation, Staining Procedure, Result Interpretation, Uses, and Keynotes

Leishmania donovani (LD bodies) amastigotes in Giemsa stained smear of bone marrow of a Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar patient

Introduction of Giemsa Stain Giemsa stain is a type Romanowsky stain that stains nuclei and cells. It was initially designed for the detection of malarial parasites in blood smears, but it is also used in histology for routine examination of blood smears. This technique uses for …

Read more

Biochemical Test of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Introduction, Common Tests, List of Organisms, Keynotes, and Some Related Footages

Biochemical Test of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Introduction, Common Tests, List of Organisms, Keynotes, and Some Related Footages

Introduction of Biochemical Test of Gram-Negative Bacteria Gram-negative bacteria are the most common etiological agents which are responsible for bacterial infections as well as viral co-infections. Clinical Microbiology Laboratory generally becomes busy due to those isolates. The need for ‘Biochemical Test of Gram-Negative Bacteria’ is …

Read more

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Introduction, Identification Features, Keynotes, and Pseudomonas Footages

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Introduction, Identification Features, Keynotes, and Pseudomonas Footages

Introduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely distributed environment like in soil and water, Gram-negative rods, aerobic, motile due to having a polar flagellum, non-sporing, non- capsulated but many strains have mucoid slime layer, produce water-soluble pigments and opportunistic pathogens of size 1.5 – …

Read more

Hanging Drop Preparation: Introduction, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result-Interpretation, Keynotes, and Bacterial Motility Footages

Prepared hanging drop ready for microscopy

Introduction of Motility Test for Bacteria/ Hanging Drop Preparation Bacteria are motile due to having flagellum/flagella. On the flagella, bacteria are motile and non-motile and therefore some bacteria are motile (Vibrio cholerae, E. coli, Proteus species, etc.) whereas some others are non-motile like Klebsiella, Shigella, …

Read more

Lactose Fermenter (LF) and Non-Lactose Fermenter (NLF) Gram-Negative Bacteria: Introduction, List of LF and NLF Bacteria, and Keynotes

LF and NLF Colonies of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas on MacConkey medium

Introduction of LF and NLF Gram-Negative Bacteria on MacConkey Medium MacConkey agar/ medium is recommended for use as a selective, differential, and indicator growth medium for the isolation of gram-negative bacilli including coliform organisms and enteric pathogens, on the basis of lactose fermentation. Peptones (meat …

Read more

Oxidase Test for Bacteria: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation, and Keynotes

Oxidase Test for Bacteria: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Result Interpretation and Keynotes

Introduction of Oxidase Test (Kovac’s Method)  Gordon and McLeod introduced the application of a dimethyl-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride solution to test for the presence of oxidase systems in 1928. In particular, they used the test to differentiate N. gonorrhoeae (oxidase test positive) from Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species (oxidase negative). The sensitivity of the …

Read more

VITEK 2 Compact System: Introduction, Testing Requirements, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation, and Keynotes

VITEK 2 Compact System: Introduction, Testing Requirements, Testing Procedure, Result Interpretation and Keynotes

Introduction The VITEK 2 compact system is an automated microbiology bacterial and fungal (mainly yeasts) identification and antimicrobial susceptibility system. Testing Requirements 11. AST-Card-It is also of the following types- 12. VITEK 2 Compact (machine) Testing Procedure Result Interpretation Organisms Identification GN-Reagent Card: In this …

Read more

Medical Laboratory Videos: Introduction, List of Contents with Description

Medical Laboratory Videos- Introduction, List of Contents with Description

Introduction of Medical Laboratory Videos The topic ‘Medical Laboratory Videos’ is a huge collection of author genuine works pertaining to medical laboratory science especially bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, virology, immunology/serology, molecular biology, hematology, biochemistry, blood banking, and transfusion medicine, histopathology, and phlebotomy. List of Contents for …

Read more