MR-VP Test: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirement, Procedure, Result- Interpretation, and Keynotes

Result and Interpretation of Voges Proskauer Test

Introduction of MR-VP Test MR-VP test stands for Methyl Red –Voges Proskauer Test. MR-VP test will be discussed in two tests separately. One is for Methyl Red (MR) test and while other is for Voges Proskauer (VP)test. Introduction of Methyl Red Test The Methyl Red test is …

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Auramine-Phenol Fluorochrome Staining: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Test Procedure, Result- Interpretation, Limitations, and Keynotes

Acid fast bacilli (AFB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Auramine-phenol fluorochrome Staining

Introduction of Auramine-Phenol stain Auramine-Phenol is a fluorochrome stain used to visualize acid-fast structures of various microorganisms, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in modified form for Mycobacterium leprae, Nocardia species, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora cayetanensis , Isospora belli, and fungal spores. Ziehl-Neelsen (hot), and Kinyoun (cold) are still widely used methods to detect acid-fast structures …

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API Test for Bacteria: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Test Procedure, Result- Interpretation, Advantages, and Keynotes

API Test - Bacteria, Strip, Reagents, Reading Sheet and Log Book

Introduction of API Test for Bacteria API test for bacteria as shown above picture is a 20-jumbo tests kit for a biochemical panel for the identification and differentiation of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.  API stands for Analytical Profile Index. It is an API 20E Test kit …

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Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Stain: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result- Interpretation, and Keynotes

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Stain: Introduction, Principle, Test Requirements, Procedure, Result- Interpretation, and Keynotes

Introduction of Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain Hematoxylin and eosin stain is abbreviated as H&E stain. It is one of the principal tissue stains used in histopathology to find out cancer from a suspected biopsy. The stain was first introduced by A. Wissowzky in 1876. The cell nuclei …

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ASO (Anti-streptococcal O)Test: Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Normal Range, Result- Interpretation, and Keynotes

ASO Test Result

Introduction of ASO Test ASO stands for Antistreptococcal O and it is an antibody targeted against streptolysin O, a toxic enzyme produced by group A Streptococcus bacterium. Antistreptococcal O and anti -DNase are the most common of several antibodies that are produced by the body’s immune system in response to a strep infection …

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Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) Medium: Introduction, Principle Composition, Preparation, Procedure, Result- Interpretation, Limitation, and Keynotes

Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) Medium: Introduction, Principle Composition, Preparation, Procedure, Result- Interpretation, Limitation, and Keynotes

Introduction of Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) Medium Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) Medium is named after the surnames of  Austrian pathologist Ernst Lowenstein (1878–1950) and the Danish chemist Kai Arne Jensen (1908–1992). The etiological agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It requires aerobic conditions and a protein-enriched medium for culture. The short …

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