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Introduction of Escherichia hermanii Escherichia hermannii is a gram-negative rod. This bacterium belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. It was first described in 1982. It had been previously known as enteric group 11 of Escherichia coli but was later reclassified as a distinct species in …
Introduction of Auramine-Phenol stain Auramine-Phenol is a fluorochrome stain used to visualize acid-fast structures of various microorganisms, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in modified form for Mycobacterium leprae, Nocardia species, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora cayetanensis , Isospora belli, and fungal spores. Ziehl-Neelsen (hot), and Kinyoun (cold) are still widely used methods to detect acid-fast structures …
Introduction of Vibrio cholerae Serotyping Vibrio Serotyping helps to differentiate serotypes of Vibrio. Serotypes refer to separate groups within a species of microorganisms that all share a similar property. More specifically, each serotype has the same number of antigens on its surfaces. For example, V.cholerae O1 serovar Inaba, V. cholerae O1 serovar …
Introduction of Haemophilus Serotyping Haemophilus Serotyping helps to differentiate serotypes of Haemophilus influenzae. Serotypes refer to separate groups within a species of microorganisms that all share a similar property. More specifically, each serotype has the same number of antigens on its surfaces. For example, encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae may …
Introduction of Shigella Serotyping Shigella Serotyping helps to differentiate serotypes of Shigella. Serotypes refer to separate groups within a species of microorganisms that all share a similar property. More specifically, each serotype has the same number of antigens on its surfaces. For example, Shigella flexneri serotype 1, 2, 2a, S. sonnei, and S. …
Introduction of Widal Test The Widal test is an agglutination test employed in the serological diagnosis of enteric fever. It is also applicable in febrile agglutinin tests. The test is named after Georges Fernand Isidore Widal, a French physician and bacteriologist. Salmonella antibody starts appearing in the …
Salmonella Serotyping Serotyping is a type of epidemiological marker. It works on the principle of agglutination. agglutination or clumping: Positive No agglutination or clumping: Negative On this basis, Salmonella can differentiate whether Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi or Paratyphi and so on. Serotype O antigen Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi ( …
Introduction of GeneXpert Test GeneXpert test is a molecular test for tuberculosis diagnosis by detecting the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (bacteria), as well as testing for resistance to the drug rifampicin. Principle of GeneXpert Test GeneXpert test is a highly sensitive and specific test for tuberculosis(TB) diagnosis that detects DNA sequences …