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Introduction β-D-Glucan (BDG) is a polysaccharide component of the fungal cell wall, widely present in species such as Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Pneumocystis jirovecii. Since it is released into the bloodstream during invasive fungal infections (IFIs), detection of BDG has become a valuable non-culture-based diagnostic …
Introduction Ascitic fluid microscopy is a laboratory diagnostic method used to examine peritoneal (ascitic) fluid obtained via paracentesis. It helps in identifying cells, microorganisms, and crystals that provide clues about underlying causes such as infection, malignancy, liver disease, or systemic disorders. Principle The principle of …
Introduction Pleural fluid is the liquid collected from the pleural space between the lung and chest wall. Microscopic examination of pleural fluid plays a key role in identifying the underlying cause of pleural effusion. It helps distinguish between transudates and exudates, detect infectious organisms, malignant …
Introduction Glass beads are small, inert, spherical particles widely used in microbiology, molecular biology, and cell culture. Their smooth, durable surface and chemical stability make them suitable for disrupting tissues, homogenizing cells, and aiding in sterilization or agitation processes. Principle The principle of using these …
Introduction Urine microscopy is a laboratory diagnostic method used to examine the microscopic components of urine sediment. It helps detect cells, crystals, casts, microorganisms, and other formed elements. This test is critical in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs), renal diseases, systemic disorders, and …
Introduction Microscopic evaluation of ascitic fluid is an essential step in differentiating between benign lipid material and pathological cellular elements. The distinction between fat globules and cells is critical because both may appear as rounded structures, yet their origin, clinical significance, and interpretation differ significantly. …
Introduction Clinical Significance of Fat Droplet Laboratory Diagnosis 1. Specimen: 2. Microscopy: 3. Special Stains: Keynotes on Fat Droplet Further Readings
Introduction Clinical Significance of Dust Cell Laboratory Diagnosis 1. Specimen: 2. Microscopy (unstained or stained): 3. Stains: 4. Polarized Microscopy: Keynotes on Dust Cell Further Readings