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Introduction Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) is a commonly used culture medium in clinical mycology laboratories for the isolation of fungi, particularly yeasts and molds. Due to its acidic pH and high dextrose concentration, SDA favors fungal growth; however, bacteria and yeasts may also grow, especially …
Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a Gram-positive, beta-hemolytic coccus arranged in chains. It is a major cause of neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and infections in pregnant women, and an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised adults. GBS commonly colonizes the gastrointestinal and …
Introduction KOH mount of sputum is a rapid, direct microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements in the respiratory tract. A 10–20% Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) solution digests mucus, epithelial cells, and debris in sputum, while preserving the chitin-rich fungal cell walls, making them appear clear, …
Introduction KOH mount (Potassium Hydroxide preparation) is a rapid, simple, and cost-effective microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements directly in clinical specimens.When applied to Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) samples, it is an essential diagnostic tool for identifying pulmonary fungal infections, especially in the ICU, oncology, …
Introduction Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) mount is a simple, rapid, and cost-effective microscopic technique used to detect fungal elements in various clinical specimens, including urine samples. When fungal infection of the urinary tract (funguria) is suspected—especially in immunocompromised, diabetic, or catheterized patients—KOH mount helps visualize yeast …
Introduction India Ink Smear is a direct microscopic technique used for the rapid identification of encapsulated fungi, particularly Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, in clinical specimens such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), sputum, and urine. This simple, rapid, and cost-effective test allows visualization of the thick …
Introduction Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a diagnostic procedure used to collect specimens from the lower respiratory tract, particularly from the alveolar spaces. It is performed by instilling sterile saline into a segment of the lung via a bronchoscope and then aspirating it back. Gram staining …
Introduction Direct microscopic examination is one of the most rapid and inexpensive diagnostic methods for detecting fungal elements in clinical specimens. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear is a routine technique in mycology that helps visualize fungal structures such as hyphae, yeast cells, and sclerotic bodies directly …