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Introduction Citrobacter koseri, formerly known as Citrobacter diversus, is a gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is a facultative anaerobe, meaning it can grow both in the presence and absence of oxygen. The species name “koseri” is a tribute to the bacteriologist Leo …
Introduction The Salmonella agglutination test is a laboratory diagnostic method used to identify and serotype Salmonella based on their surface antigens. Salmonella is a genus of bacteria that includes various species, some of which can cause foodborne illnesses and gastroenteritis in humans and animals. The …
Introduction ESBL stands for Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase. It refers to a group of enzymes produced by certain types of bacteria that can break down and inactivate a broad range of antibiotics called beta-lactams. Beta-lactams include commonly used antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. ESBL-producing bacteria are …
Introduction Burkholderia cepacia is a species of gram-negative bacteria within the Burkholderia genus. It is a versatile and opportunistic pathogen that can cause infections in both immunocompromised and healthy individuals. B. cepacia is a significant concern, particularly in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and other …
Introduction Streptococcus oralis is a gram-positive bacterium that belongs to the genus Streptococcus. It is a commensal bacterium that commonly inhabits the human oral cavity, along with other oral streptococci. S. oralis is considered a part of the normal oral microbiota and can be found …
Introduction Serratia fonticola is a Gram-negative bacterium that belongs to the genus Serratia. It was first isolated and described in 1998 from water samples in a freshwater spring in California, USA. Since its discovery, S. fonticola has been identified in various environmental sources, including soil, …