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Introduction Lactococcus garvieae is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming coccus, typically arranged in pairs or short chains. It belongs to the lactic acid bacteria group and is well known as a major pathogen in fish (lactococcosis). In humans, it is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, increasingly recognized …
Introduction Gemella morbillorum is a gram-positive bacterium, typically found in the human mouth, throat, and respiratory tract. It occasionally causes infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals or those with underlying health conditions. Common infections include endocarditis, bacteremia, and abscesses. Notably, it can lead to serious complications …
Introduction Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is widely distributed in nature and can cause a serious foodborne infection known as listeriosis. It is one of the few bacterial species capable of growing at refrigeration temperatures, making it a significant concern for food …